Ehhovisi, ekhaya, nasezilungiselelweni zokudlela, izinkomishi zengilazi{0}ezibiyelwe kabili{0}}ziphenduke iziqukathi zesiphuzo ezikhethwayo kubo bobabili abathengi nabathengi ngenxa yokushisa kwazo, ukuvimbela ukushisa, ukubonakala, kanye nokukhanga kobuhle. Ukumelana nokushisa, njengenkomba yokuphepha eyinhloko, inquma ngokuqondile ubude bempilo nokuphepha komkhiqizo, futhi kuwukucatshangelwa okuyinhloko kokuthengwa kwenqwaba yebhizinisi nezipho ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Ukumelana nokushisa kwenkomishi yengilazi enezindonga-ekabili ngokuyinhloko kuncike ezintweni zengilazi ezisetshenzisiwe. Okwamanje, imikhiqizo eminingi evamile emakethe isebenzisa ingilazi ephezulu ye-borosilicate, enenzuzo enkulu ekumelana nokushisa uma kuqhathaniswa nengilazi ye-soda{2}}evamile ye-lime. Ingilazi ephezulu ye-borosilicate yakhiwe ikakhulukazi i-silicon dioxide (ngaphezu kuka-80%) ne-boron oxide, enokuqukethwe kwe-ion yensimbi ye-alkali engaphansi kuka-10%. Ishiswa emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-600 degrees Celsius futhi ine-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokwanda okushisayo, imelana ngempumelelo nemithelela yokucindezeleka ebangelwa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.
Izinkomishi zengilazi ezinezindonga-eziphezulu{0}}eziphindwe kabili{1}}zezinga eliphezulu ze-borosilicate zingamelana namazinga okushisa asukela ku--20℃kuya ku-150℃. Ekusetshenzisweni okuvamile, bangakwazi ukuphatha kalula ukuthululwa kwamanzi abilayo okuqondile nge-100℃ngaphandle kokukhipha izinto eziyingozi, ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha. Ngokuphambene, izinkomishi ezijwayelekile zesoda{8}}ezikabili{10}}ezibiyelwe ngezindonga zimelana kuphela namazinga okushisa afika cishe ku-100℃futhi zijwayele ukuqhekeka ngaphansi kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngokushesha, ziyehluleka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa njalo, izimo eziningi. Lesi yisizathu esiyinhloko esenza abathengi abangochwepheshe babeke phambili ingilazi ye-borosilicate ephezulu.
Isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sezinkomishi zengilazi ezikabili-ezibiyelwe ngezindonga asihlinzeki nje kuphela ngokushisa-okuvimbayo nokushisisa kodwa futhi sithuthukisa ngokungaqondile ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokuzinza. Idizayini yayo eyinhloko ilele esikhaleni se-interlayer phakathi kwezendlalelo zengilazi yangaphakathi nengaphandle{3}}kungenzeka ikhishwe noma igcwaliswe umoya onganyakazi{4}}okwakha "umgoqo wemvelo" ngokumelene nokudlulisa ukushisa. Zontathu izindlela zokudlulisa ukushisa (i-conduction, convection, kanye ne-radiation) zicindezelwa ngokuphumelelayo ngaphakathi kwe-interlayer: umoya unokuguquguquka okuphansi kakhulu kwe-thermal, futhi umoya onganyakazi uvimba indlela yokuqhuba ukushisa; imvelo ye-vacuum iqeda ngokuqondile i-medium for convection, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi ukushisa kuqhutshwe kusuka engilazini yangaphakathi kuya kungqimba lwangaphandle. Lo mklamo wesakhiwo unikeza izinzuzo ezimbili: okokuqala, izinga lokushisa lodonga lwengilazi yangaphandle lihlala ngaphakathi kwebanga eliphephile elifinyeleleka kalula emzimbeni womuntu, okuvumela ukuphatha kalula ngisho nalapho kugcwele amanzi ashisayo ngaphezu kwe-95℃, ukugwema ingozi yokusha; okwesibili, ukushisa kwengilazi yangaphakathi kukhiyiwe ngokuphumelelayo, kunciphisa ukucindezeleka okubangelwa umehluko wokushisa ngokweqile phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwendebe, ngaleyo ndlela kwehlisa amathuba okuqhekeka ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Kubathengi bezinkampani, ngaphezu kokugxila ezintweni kanye nokuthobelana okujwayelekile, kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela ukuguquguquka kokumelana nokushisa komkhiqizo ngokuhlobene nesimo sokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Isibonelo, ezindaweni zasehhovisi lapho amanzi ashisayo evame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphuza itiye nekhofi, imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngengilazi ephezulu ye-borosilicate enezindonga eziqinile iyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokushisa nokuqina. Ezilungiselelweni zokudla, amamodeli anezibambo ayakhethwa ukuze athuthukise ukuzizwisa ukubamba phakathi{2}}nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo zokukhiqiza zabahlinzeki abahlonishwayo nazo zibalulekile-imikhiqizo esebenzisa inqubo yokuvala i-vacuum engenamsila inikeza ukutywinwa kwe-interlayer okungcono kakhulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuzinzile kanye nokwahlukanisa, futhi awekho amaphoyinti okushisela asele phansi, okuholela ekubukekeni okujabulisa kakhudlwana, okubenza bafanelekele izipho zenkampani ezingokwezifiso.